Inclusions, also called inclusions, are objects that are covered in the gemstone due to the invasion of foreign substances or mineral crystallization during the formation of the gemstone. Inclusions are not only related to the characteristics of gems themselves, but also traces left by the crystallization process of gems. Therefore, inclusions are a very important basis for gem identification. Therefore, gemologists can estimate the geological conditions of the gems during the formation period and the source of gemstones based on the various characteristics of the inclusions, and provide more accurate information on gem identification.
Inclusions are divided into solid, liquid, and gaseous three types of inclusions. Inclusions containing two states are called two-phase-inclusion, and inclusions with three states are called three-phase inclusions. Three-Phase-Inclusion, emerald is the most typical representative.
Solid inclusions
Solid inclusions are the most commonly seen inclusions in gemstones. Most of them contain fine mineral crystals. Like diamonds, there are often fine diamond crystals contained in the diamond. Some fine crystals require a high-power microscope to see To. The silk in ruby also belongs to this solid inclusion.
Liquid inclusions
The substance wrapped in gemstones is liquid inclusions, and crystals are often found with liquid inclusions. The most typical example is water bile agate.
Gaseous inclusions
Gaseous inclusions are less visible because they are colorless and unlike liquid inclusions that reflect light. However, gaseous inclusions are common in gems such as emeralds and tourmalines.
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