(1) Wire cutting: Use different sizes of molybdenum wire (a kind of metal, high hardness), use a wire cutting machine to cut out the appearance of the jewelry at a very slow speed, and then polish it by hand. The more complex and The more difficult styles, the slower the shipment.
(2) Precision die-casting: first sculpt the sample with wax, then put it in a special plaster, dewax, dissolve the raw materials at a high temperature of 1500 to 2000 degrees, then pour it into the plaster mold, pressurize, demould, Then all hands are polished. Because die casting requires a special plaster mold, the price is different.
(3) Polished surface: Apply polishing wax on a high-speed rotating cotton polishing wheel, and then touch the ornament to the cloth wheel to make the surface bright and reflect light.
(4) Sanding surface: Use sandpaper tape to make the surface of the ornaments frosted (light does not reflect), so that the surface has a matte effect.
(5) Sandblasting: The main working principle of sandblasting is: putting sand (very fine abrasive, silver gray) in water, using a grinding fluid pump and compressed air, and spraying the grinding fluid on the surface of the steel jewelry at high speed through a spray gun to form A layer of silver-gray coating makes the jewelry more high-end, and it is not easy to discolor, the more it is loved by people of all tastes.
(6)Vacuum electroplating: Vacuum electroplating mainly includes ion electroplating, vacuum evaporation, sputtering and ion electroplating. (also called nano electroplating electroplating method) they are all used under vacuum conditions by distillation or sputtering Various metal and non-metal thin films are deposited on the surface of the object in such a way. In this way, a very thin surface coating can be obtained. At the same time, it has the outstanding advantages of fast production and non-fading, but the price is also high, and the metal type that can be operated Less, generally used as a functional coating for higher-end jewelry and watches.
(7) Inlaid resin: (also known as: Epoxy, hard plastic) First heat the jewelry with high temperature, and then coat the resin on the jewelry. Because it is heated, it is not easy to fall off during wearing.
(8) Inlaid zircon: There are two main types, one is glued with special glue for jewelry, which is very firm. The other is to use a machine to press the inlay, the workmanship is complicated, that is fine and firm, but the price is more expensive than using glue.
(9) Inlaid carbon fiber: It is expensive, but it is used in jewelry. It moves with the line of sight, and the effect is three-dimensional and very beautiful. Carbon fiber is a fibrous carbon material. It uses some carbon-containing organic fibers, such as nylon, acrylic, rayon, etc., as raw materials. These organic fibers are combined with plastic resin and placed in an inert atmosphere. It is formed by strengthening thermal carbonization under a certain pressure. Carbon fiber is a new type of material with conductivity, high strength, low density, corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance. The composite material made of carbon fiber and plastic can replace aluminum alloy to make a light aircraft with high thrust, low noise and low power consumption. It is used on jewelry to make the surface have three-dimensional fiber shape, and the light reflection will follow you The line of sight moves up and down. It makes the style more special and fully demonstrates the trend. Silver processing technology flow 1. Casting forming, engraving details The casting method comes from bronze craftsmanship. After the Tang Dynasty, the use of gold and silver ornaments became less and less. For engraving, you need to use various shapes of steel chisel, and engrave the pattern on the surface or back of the blank. There are several types of engraving techniques, such as male engraving, shadow engraving, and flat and hollow type. Among the Ming Dynasty handed down pieces of Yunnan silver jewellery, a considerable part is made by a combination of casting and engraving.
Second, hammered and engraved are the main ones, and engraved and engraved are supplemented by Yunnan silver jewelry. Some are chiseled with hammers from forming to decoration, some are formed by welding after hammering, and some are decorated with silver rings and silver chains after hammering. Some silver jewellery shapes are vertical carvings, round carvings, and they are also hammered and then welded. The details are carved and engraved.
3. Filigree craftsmanship plus inlay, dotted emerald or enamel weaving, piled, pinched, and welded with silver wire to make various flat or three-dimensional patterns and ornaments, collectively called filigree crafts. It can be made into larger-volume jewelry with less silver material, and it is very delicate and exquisite. Inlaying, gilding, emerald or enamel are often used at the same time. There were many jewelry of this type in Yunnan silver jewelry in the Qing Dynasty. Silverware production process:
1. Silver: first weigh out the weight of the silver material used with a scale, smash the large piece of silver material into a crucible and place it on the furnace to melt. When the blast furnace becomes incandescent, the silver begins to melt, and the crucible is used to cast the copper mold with a long handle clamp.
2. Forging: When the silver material is not cold, start forging and shape the silver billet as desired.
3. Cutting: lay out the silver piece according to the designed silverware artwork. The silver piece should be slightly larger than the artwork. If it is a special shape, it should be unfolded into a flat surface for processing.
4. The rough processing initially beats out the big bumps of the silver jewelry.
5. Make a lead holder: The role of the lead holder is to hold and fix the silver piece to be processed for further production. Put the rough-finished silver sheet upside down in the sand box, pour the molten lead into it, and cool it down. In the past, rosin was used as support
6. Finishing: This process includes hammering, engraving, and engraving. It is the most critical place in the whole process. Many silversmiths in Yunnan call this process “carving.” The tools used for carving are a small hammer and several chisels. The chisel heads are pointed, round, flat, crescent-shaped, petal-shaped, etc., which can be selected according to needs. When processing, the left hand holds the hammer, like a painter’s pen, the heart and hands correspond to each other, and groups of vivid and vivid patterns are carved out. The key to the pros and cons of silver jewellery is at this time. The subtle details of the carving show the craftsman’s meticulousness and accuracy.
7. Welding: For the silver jewelry that needs to be welded, hang the soldering flux on the interface, put it in the fire and heat it up for a while. The ingredients of the flux, the temperature of the furnace and the length of heating time are closely related to the welding quality.
8. Pickling: After repeated beating and medium temperature, the surface of silver ornaments will become black or stained with impurities. Therefore, pickling is required. The pickling solution is made of nitric acid and sulfuric acid, and the silver jewelry is rinsed in the pickling solution. Take it out quickly and rinse with water. It is very important to control the time of this process. The time of immersion in the pickling solution is too short and the impurities cannot be washed clean. Will affect the luster of silver jewelry. If the immersion time is too long, the pickling solution will corrode the silver jewelry and also destroy the color and finish. After rinsing and drying, be sure to choose a sunny day, the clearer the weather, the more beautiful the color of the silver jewelry will be dried out.