Apatite is a calcium phosphate mineral with complex chemical composition, often containing cerium, uranium, thorium and rare earth elements. According to the different additional anions, it is divided into fluorapatite, chloroapatite, hydroxyapatite and There are many varieties of strontium apatite and so on. They have a similar relationship with each other, and fluorapatite is usually the most common. Apatite belongs to the hexagonal crystal system, the crystal is often hexagonal columnar rhombohedral, with glass luster, transparent to translucent, hardness of 5.0, and its colors are various, with light yellow, light green, gul, green, blue, brown Red and light purple are the most common, pure apatite is colored, and the yellow and green colors are related to the rare earth elements contained. The luminescence of graystone is changeable. Under long-wave ultraviolet irradiation, its yellow crystals will show light purple-pink fluorescence, green and purple crystals will emit green fluorescence, and blue crystals will show blue fluorescence. Some greystones also have a cat’s eye effect. Apatite has no typical inclusions and is refractory, but it is easily corroded by sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid.
Although apatite is relatively low in hardness, it is classified as a gemstone because of its attractive appearance and beautiful color, among which blue and green are more precious. High-quality transparent apatite crystals can be polished and processed into faceted gems, while opaque or translucent crystals containing parallel tubular inclusions can be polished into curved gems. The apatite cat’s eye that has a cat’s eye effect is more popular. Welcome, but because it is not a precious gemstone, the price is generally not high. Apatite crystals are very attractive and are also a good ornamental stone for collection. Dessutom, apatite is the main chemical raw material for phosphorus and can be used to make agricultural phosphate fertilizers.
Apatite is mainly produced in crystalline schist, pegmatite and cave rock veins. It is produced in the form of dense massive, granular or nodular aggregates. Its production areas are widely distributed and each has its own characteristics. The blue to green apatite produced in Myanmar and Sri Lanka and Gansu, China is called “luxun stone”. A blue-green apatite produced in Norway is called “Moroxite”. Gem-grade purple apatite is produced in pegmatites in Xinjiang, Porslin. Dessutom, Brasilien, Canada, Tanzania and other countries also produce apatite.
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