The geological conditions of gem formation are different, and the distribution area of gems mainly depends on the properties of the rock mass formed by the gems. For eksempel, diamonds are formed in Kimberlite, but not all Kimberlites produce diamonds. It still depends on whether the area has sufficient conditions for diamonds to grow; and quartz is one of the main rock-forming minerals in the crust. It is supposed that crystals are produced all over the world, but gem-grade crystals are only concentrated in a few countries, because all mineral rocks must meet the three major requirements of gems to be called gems.
Gems are formed due to geological changes and usually take more than ten million years. Many well-known mining areas that were previously mined have been exhausted; or the national political situation of some gem production areas is turbulent and cannot continue to meet the needs of the jewelry and jubao market; some gems are produced in environmentally dangerous places, so that the mining cost is too high and not mining Therefore, the producing countries that supply the international gemstone market are still dominated by countries with relatively high production.
Most gems are minerals and rocks naturally formed in the rock layers of the earth’s crust. Different geological conditions form different types of minerals, and rocks are aggregates composed of multiple minerals, which can be divided into igneous rocks (Igyneous), sedimentary rocks (Sedimentary) and metamorphic rocks (Metamorphic).
The igneous rock is formed by the solidification of magma flowing into the subterranean rock formations in the earth. Jo langsommere avkjølingshastighet under størkning, jo større mineralkrystaller ble dannet, and the larger the gemstone crystals. The diamond-bearing qingbury rock is a kind of igneous rock; It is the rock mass formed by weathering and erosion, transported and deposited by external stress, og deretter litifisering. Generelt, it is a layered structure. Gemstones are usually sandwiched between layers. Opal is often produced in Gems in sedimentary rock formations; metamorphic rocks are composed of igneous rocks or sedimentary rocks that produce new minerals due to changes in temperature or pressure in the crust.
Metamorphism is divided into contact metamorphic (Contact Metamorphic) and regional metamorphic (Regional Metamorphic), the two kinds of metamorphism formed gem minerals are very different. The changing style of jadeite is the best example of metamorphic rock gems.
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