(1) The solid, liquid and gaseous substances inside the gemstone are called solid, liquid and gaseous substances.
(2) The color zoning and distribution or growth pattern of gems.
(3) Fractures, cleavage and cracks.
The presence of inclusions often affects the quality of gemstones, but the regular arrangement of inclusions in some gems will produce special optical effects, such as cat’s eye and starlight effect, and some inclusions will make gems more valuable, such as water bile agate. If you observe with a magnifying glass of ten times, the inclusions are not visible, it can be regarded as very pure. It is normal for natural gemstones to have inclusions, and these foreign objects become inclusions in gem crystals. 時々, the inclusions may be small droplets or the like, which form feather-like or fingerprint-like patterns. The inclusions in the crystals are generally very small, sometimes a large number of fine cotton filaments encased in water. Cotton-like inclusions are a structural phenomenon formed due to external physical, chemical conditions or human factors during or after the formation of minerals. The characteristics of cotton, catkins, and willow filaments can be seen with the naked eye or under a magnifying glass.
Using modern technology analysis, it can be known that the inclusions are minerals, multiphase inclusions, insects or plants. その中で, the multiphase inclusions are in the form of bubbles, which may be liquid or gas, and there are also two-phase inclusions that have both liquid and gas.
時々, solid, liquid and gas are called three-phase inclusions. There is only amber that contains insects or plants.
Inclusions in gems can affect the commercial value of gems, but inclusions also have a good effect. 例えば, if there are insects with vivid shapes in amber, it will be expensive; gems with cat-eye effect and starlight effect are also formed by inclusions. 加えて, the inclusions also have the function of identifying the true and false gems. Artificial gemstones will also imitate inclusions, but some do not resemble them. 例えば, bubbles are usually used instead of small droplets.
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