これまでのところ, より多い 4,000 kinds of minerals have been discovered in the world, of which nearly 600 can be called gems, and about 30 common gems. The factors considered for the classification of gems include: the genetic type of gems, the habits and traditional culture of the international jewelry industry, and the traditional Chinese jade culture.
In the process of using gemstones, people have classified and named gemstones, from the perspective of physical properties, from the perspective of origin, and from the perspective of commercial value. 言い換えると, among the common classifications, based on the commercial value of gems, gems can be classified as follows:
1. High-end gems
High-grade gems refer to rare gems with excellent physical properties such as luster, 色, 透明性, そして硬さ. 現在のところ, the high-end gemstones recognized by the international gemstone circle are: ダイヤモンド, ルビー, サファイア, emeralds and golden emeralds.
2. Low-end gems
低い- and medium-grade gems are also called semi-precious stones. Refers to gems other than high-end gems. These gems also have the characteristics of beauty, 耐久性, and rarity, but the quality or rarity of higher-grade gems is slightly inferior, and the value is relatively low. The main medium and low-grade gemstones are aquamarine, トルマリン, トパーズ, garnet and crystal.
3. High-grade jade
現在のところ, there are only two kinds of high-grade jade recognized internationally, high-grade jade and mutton white jade. High-end jadeite has been processed into ring face, ペンダント, pendant and other jewelry because of its green and transparent appearance, which is invaluable. White jade has been loved by the Chinese people since ancient times because of its whiteness and warmth. The high-quality ones are called mutton white jade, and its value is also considerable.
4. Middle and low grade jade
Jade varieties such as serpentine jade, 瑪瑙, カルセドニー, ターコイズ, and lapis lazuli belong to the middle and low grade jade. A small number of high-quality products can also be processed into high-end jewelry, and most of them are of low value.