Rock Crystal, the mineral name is quartz, is a very old gem. 何千年もの間, crystal has been regarded as a symbol of unyielding, purity and kindness with its pure, transparent and hard texture. Legend has it that when the ancient Romans first obtained crystal in the Alps, they thought it was changed by ice, and they were surprised. The ancient Chinese believed that crystal is the “thousand-year old ice”, so they gave it “ウォーターエッセンス”, “水翡翠”, “翡翠の結晶”, “bodhisattva stone”, “千年の氷” and other fascinating names.
水晶の化学組成はシリカです, which is widely distributed in nature, and the East China Sea is rich in high-quality crystals.
Crystals are crystallized from solutions containing oxygen and silicon. These solutions can be high or low temperature. During the growth process, it will be squeezed by other ores around it or the surrounding environment, and under pressure, different cracks will be produced. Crystals in a liquid state often crystallize and grow together with other ores and impurities, such as rutile (結晶) and chlorite (green ghost). このため, colorful crystals are formed. Crystals with gem value are all produced in geodes of volcanic rock, pegmatite or limestone and shale.
When the crystal is subjected to external pressure, it will generate electric current, and the two ends will be charged with piezoelectric effect; when heated, it will generate weak electric charge, which has pyroelectric effect.
Classification of crystals: Crystals are mainly classified by color, including colorless crystal, アメジスト, トパーズ, smoky crystal, green crystal, two-color crystal, ハイビスカスストーン (pink to rose red); 第二に, it can be divided into hair crystal by inclusion , Water bladder crystal, phantom crystal, starlight crystal, crystal cat’s eye.
Brazil is the world’s largest producer of crystals, として知られている “Crystal Country”, 会計 90% of the world’s exports. 現在, most Chinese amethyst is imported from Brazil. Other origins are distributed in the United States, フランス, 日本, インド, ベトナム, ミャンマー, イタリア, 七面鳥, カナダ, ロシア, オーストラリア, マダガスカル, 等. The main crystal producing areas in China are in Donghai, Jiangsu and Wutai, 山西省.