Calcite is an extremely common calcium carbonate mineral. It belongs to the trigonal crystal system. Its crystal shape and habits are ever-changing. There are dozens of monomorphs and hundreds of polymorphs, which are incomparable to any other mineral. The crystals are in the shape of compound trigonal partial triangles, rhombohedrons and hexagonal prisms. The aggregates are mostly flakes, granular, stalactites and nodules, with glass luster, transparan menjadi tembus cahaya, and hardness of 3.0. Its color is colorless or white, but it is dyed into a variety of shades due to its various impurity components such as iron, manganese, tembaga, anchorage, and carbon, including gray, yellow, cokelat, green, blue, pink, and light. Purple and black colors. Except iceland stone, all calcite aggregates can be dyed. The calcite rhombohedral cleavage is complete, and the crystals of the calcite are cracked along the cleavage plane, and the appearance is similar to the original crystal. Calcite is not easy to melt. Adding cold dilute hydrochloric acid will produce bubbles violently. Because the calcium in calcite can be replaced by various impurities, there are many different varieties, such as icelandite, manganese calcite, and cobalt calcite.
Calcite has low hardness and has three groups of extremely complete cleavage. It is difficult to process. Only high-quality transparent crystals can be processed into ladder-shaped or grandmother-shaped gems, but they are not suitable for inlaid jewelry; they can be used as other jade because they are easy to dye. Calcite is the main component of limestone and marble. Marble has beautiful colors and textures and is an ideal material for making ornaments, artworks and cladding stones. Calcite crystals, or symbiosis with natural silver, copper and other minerals, or clusters of crystal clusters composed of malachite, fluorite, crystal and other minerals, are all very popular ornamental stones for collectors. Glacialite is colorless and transparent, and has a typical birefringence. Double images can be seen when observing objects through this crystal. It is widely used in optics and some new technology fields.
Calcite is widely distributed and formed in various rocks. Crystals are mostly found in hydrothermal veins and volcanic crystal caves. High-quality calcite crystals are produced in Iceland, Britain, Jerman, Mexico and the United States and other countries. Treasures of calcite crystals are rare. The Smithsonian Museum in Washington, USA has two golden brown calcite crystals from Mexico, weighing 75.8 carats and 45.8 carats respectively. A cobalt calcite crystal, weighing 7.5 carats, is in the possession of the Elgardivo group in Canada, produced in Spain.
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