In the warm sea, a group of coral polyps gather together and climb on the rock. The inner polyps gradually die and calcify to form the skeleton of the coral. Jedoch, the outer polyps continue to grow and form dendritic corals over time. Polyps are coelenterates on the bottom of the sea, so corals are formed by animals. There are continental shelf areas with a depth of three to three hundred meters. The Pacific and Mediterranean have been the main sources of corals since ancient times. Red corals are the most valuable among corals-there are other pink, white and black corals.
Coral is an organic gemstone formed by animals. The chemical composition is calcium carbonate. It mainly appears in the form of calcite, mit einem Brechungsindex von 1.486-1.658, a specific gravity of 2.6-2.7, und eine Härte von 3-4. It is similar to pearls, and the same as uncut coral. The surface gloss is very poor and can have a glass-like gloss after polishing. Chemical substances such as acids or alkalis can cause great harm to corals and should be avoided as much as possible. It is best not to come into direct contact with human sweat, perfume or cosmetics when wearing them; wipe it clean with a clean soft cloth after wearing to avoid corrosion caused by residual sweat , Can extend the life of corals.
Coral imitations are mostly artificial products with many materials, such as glass, silica gel, gypsum, rubber, usw., mixed to imitate corals, but such artificial products are generally very uniform in color and cannot imitate the natural growth structure of corals. , An experienced person can recognize the difference between imitations and natural corals with the naked eye.
Corals that are made into jewellery can be inlaid or independently formed. If it is inlaid with other precious metals, consider the characteristics of precious metals during maintenance. Zum Beispiel, silver will oxidize and turn black, and pure gold will turn white. For the independent formation, the characteristics of the coral itself are mainly considered.
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