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Opal is a gemstone with a color-changing effect. Pliny, a famous natural scientist in ancient Rome, once described it as follows: “On an opal stone, you can see the flame of ruby, the color spots like amethyst, and the emerald sea. Green, the five colors are colorful, blending together, and beautiful.” Ve starověké Číně, opal was regarded as a palace treasure. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were many titles such as white gemstone, lizhu, flashing mountain cloud, and colorful stone. Because Opal integrates the characteristics of a variety of precious gemstones, with its gorgeous colors and luxurious quality, it is deeply loved by people.

Opal is mainly composed of water-containing silica, with glassy luster to waxy transparent, průhledné až průsvitné, a tvrdost 5.0-6.5. Its color is mostly egg white. Because the composition contains trace impurity elements such as iron, měď, mangan, nikl, atd., it also has gray-black, modrý, hnědé a jiné barvy. Zejména, its luster has a color-changing effect, changing to deep purple or deep brown purple. Its surface is as gorgeous as a peacock feather, which changes with the change of light, showing a variety of colors such as red, pomerančový, modrý, a zelené, which is amazing.

As a mineral, opal is divided into precious protein or gem-grade opal, and ordinary opal. Obecně, precious opal is called opal. Only opal can produce an effect. This feature has been a mystery for a long time, until opal was placed Under an electron microscope of more than 10,000 časy, it will be found that its internal structure is composed of countless tiny silicon dioxide spheres regularly arranged in three-dimensional space. The gap between the spheres acts as a grating for light, namely Diffraction phenomenon. The wavelength of the colored light (tzv “oheň”) produced by diffraction is mainly determined by the angle between the incident light and the sphere and the diameter of the sphere. Proto, when the gem is rotated, the angle of the incident light will change, thereby changing the diffracted light. The wavelength changes the color and produces a brilliant iridescence. Na druhé straně, ordinary opal has different diameters and disorderly arrangement of the internal tiny spheres. Under the irradiation of light, it will scatter irregularly and appear opalescent color. It cannot produce special optical effects, so it cannot change color. Its value is much lower. Precious opal.

Opal is mainly produced in the ancient weathering crust formed by exogenous leaching and in the hydrothermal fluid after volcanic period. The most famous high-quality opal is produced in Australia. It has a history of more than 100 years since its discovery. It accounts for more than 90% of the world’s total output. Navíc, Mexiko, Spojené státy, Brazílie, Honduras, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Indonesia also produced output. Many large and beautiful opal treasures have been found in the world. Například, the largest piece, named “Puma Opal”, weighs 61.3 kg; the one is of good texture and has a lightning-like yellow, green and blue color. The famous opal with a crimson pattern that flickers and complements each other, vážení 711 Karát; the two black opals named “Lady Flame” vážení 233 carats and the name “Light of the World” vážení 273 grams are all produced Australia.

 

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Začněme : MO@kingjy.com

 

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