Tanzanite, the English name Tanzanite, is derived from place names. It is a kind of vanadium-containing zoisite (V-Zoisite). Because it was discovered in Tanzania, Africa in 1967, the international gemstone community named it “Tanzania Stone”, or tanzanite for short.
Tanzanite is calcium aluminosilicate and belongs to the epidote group of minerals in mineralogy. It is a variety that can be used as a gem among the three gem-grade mineral variants of zoisite. The other two are manganite and zoisite. Sodium zoisite is mainly used as jade carving stone. Tanzanite belongs to the orthorhombic crystal system, the crystals are short columnar or massive Tanzania, with glass luster, transparent to translucent, and hardness of 6.0-6.5. Tanzanite contains indigo to blue due to the trace element vanadium in its composition, and it also has blue-violet or brown-yellow. The color is uneven, and it has obvious trichromaticity of blue, purple and green.
Tanzanite is mostly processed into faceted stones or cabochons, and some tanzanite crystals with parallel arrangement of actinolite and cruciform inclusions will have a cat-eye effect after being ground into cabochons. Tanzanite resembles sapphire. Nikethalings, oorbelle, armbande, rings and other jewelry made of high-quality tanzanite are comparable to sapphire jewelry, and their price is not lower than sapphire.
Although tanzanite was discovered and used as a gem lately, many treasures existed. Byvoorbeeld, in 1968, a brooch with 24 tanzanites was displayed at an exhibition in New York, USA, with a price tag of US$50,000. The smallest number of carats of Tanzanite inlaid on this brooch. The largest one weighing 84 carats has two tanzanite treasures collected in the Smith Museum in Washington, USA, one is blue, weighing 122.7 karate; the other is blue tanzanite cat’s eye, weighing 18.2 karate, both from Tanzania. Very rare. There is also a blue tanzanite weighing 220 karate, which is in private collection.
Tanzanite is usually the product of basic plagioclase undergoing hydrothermal metamorphism, and is found in metamorphic rocks, crystalline schist, and other rocks along with hornblende. The main producing areas are Tanzania, Austria, Italië, the United States and Mexico. Gem-grade tanzanite is mostly produced in Tanzania, while the zoisite variants produced in other countries are not as good as Tanzanian products in color or transparency.
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