Realgar, also known as cockscomb stone, the English name is Realgar; orpiment, the English name is Orpiment or Auripigment, are two minerals that often coexist, commonly known as “mandarin duck minerals.”
Realgar is a short columnar crystal, a wedge-shaped pointed head, and a rhombus cross-section. It is also common in dense massive and granular aggregates, with diamond-colored from bright red to orange-red streaks in orange yellow. It has strong dispersion and obvious variability. It is colorless to light yellow, without fluorescence. It will oxidize and fade when exposed to sunlight, and even break into orange-yellow powder. Orpiment crystals are short columnar and thick wedge-shaped crystals. There are also plate-like, flake-like, and soil-like aggregates. There is a group of extremely complete cleavage, which resembles mica, but the cleavage surface is mostly curved. It has diamond luster to grease luster, transparent to translucent, hardness 1.0-2.0.
Orpiment has a low melting point and is easily darkened when exposed to air. Both realgar and orpiment hit with a mallet will produce a pungent garlic smell.
Although realgar and orpiment have low hardness, develop cleavage, are not heat resistant, and are easily damaged, they are loved by people because of their extremely beautiful color and luster. The red transparent crystals can be carved into works of art. The fully developed crystal clusters are very beautiful and can be used as ornamental gems. Because these varieties are rare and rare, they are very precious and expensive. They are mainly used for collection because they are fragile. They cannot be worn as jewelry and require careful care. Ook, realgar and orpiment are also important ores for extracting arsenic. They have a wide range of uses, such as traditional Chinese medicine, pesticides, preservatives, and pigments. Arsenic-copper alloys can be used to make cars and radars. Lead-arsenic alloys can be used to make bullets. Wait.
Realgar and orpiment are formed around low-temperature hydrothermal veins and hot springs, and they coexist with cinnabar, stibnite, calcite, quartz and other minerals. The main producing areas are the United States, Romania, Italië, Germany and Switzerland. China’s Hunan, Guizhou and other provinces also produce very fine realgar crystals, which are one of the dominant mineral varieties produced in China. Perfect realgar crystals up to 5 cm in length were also found in Washington State in the United States.
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